Nitrogen Credits From Peanuts Peanut Notes No. 41 2022

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Question:

We are looking at augmenting our sweet potato program behind peanuts considering today’s inflated fertilizer market. Fertilizer prices are astronomical and we are taking all considerations into play this season.

CURRENT PRACTICES:

  • Our standard program is 28 gallons of 24%S Nitrogen applied between 1st and 2nd cultivation, generally 14-21 DAP.
  • We do not harvest our peanut hay waste and it is incorporated into the soil during the first tillage pass.

QUESTION:

Would the peanut hay have any nutritional value that would allow us to lower our rate of 24S on the farms that are sweet potatoes behind peanuts?

Thanks a bunch for your time and considerations here!

Jordan Answer:

I thought I sent a reply earlier this week but cannot seem to find it in my e-mails. Sorry for the delay if you did not receive it. In the southeastern US and even lower mid-Atlantic states like NC, it appears there is very little if any N available from a legume like soybean or peanut for the following summer crops like sweetpotato, cotton, and corn. There is not enough to count on. Historically, N credits have been recommended (in the old literature) but in more recent work there is little contribution. We do see a positive contribution to small grains right after peanut harvest and that is a real N credit. But weather patterns (rain and relatively warm conditions in fall and spring – and some periods in winter) result in little to no N contribution remaining by the time you plant the summer crop. One can calculate the amount of N in hay and soil (roughly) right after peanut harvest, but it just does not remain in an available form or simply is not present by the time the summer crop is planted and moves through the cropping cycle. I wish I had better news. I know the 2022 crop is going to be expensive to grow.

I know a lot of sulfur is present in gypsum used on peanuts. But it is mobile and has likely moved through the soil profile and is present at the B horizon. Some of the sweetpotato soils have very deep A horizons, so I would not count on the sulfur from gypsum in peanuts being right where it needs to be for sweetpotato.